Carbon and energy reduction

We aim to:

• deliver a 43 per cent reduction in CO2e by 2020 from 2005 levels 
  
• deliver a 52 per cent reduction in CO2e by 2030 from 2005 levels 
  
• compensate for the remaining emissions by instilling low carbon values and habits into staff and students
  
• compensate for remaining emissions by developing research and low carbon technology solutions
  
• improve the energy efficiency of all University buildings and facilities, moving away from fossil fuels.
  

Our performance

• We've reduced CO2e emissions from gas and electricity by 15 per cent since the base year 2005.
  
• We need to reduce our current emissions by a further 28 per cent - based on our current consumption - to achieve our 2020 target.
  

Our Building Management System 

Our Building Management System (BMS) controls the mechanical and electrical services in 95 per cent of our campus buildings. It ensures intelligent control of building systems and that there's no energy waste. The BMS, for example, will turn on the boilers according to external temperatures, and can report a fire or a break-in. We have nearly 500 meters on campus, the majority on a half hourly basis, providing information to the BMS.

We also have a system of profile alerts. The system checks consumption against historic profiles, and energy use against BMS models, and creates alerts when an item of plant is not functioning as expected (and using more energy than it should). This enables cost avoidance, identifying and fixing issues promptly and avoiding increases in energy use. In little more than 24 months since installation, this helped to identify and prevent potential increases in consumption of around £300,000.

Generating energy

Our work also involves energy generation. In 2012, our Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plant was opened. Located in Davy Building, the CHP plant provides heat to 50 per cent of the campus. It integrates the production of usable heat and power in one efficient process, generating electricity whilst capturing usable heat produced during the process.

In conventional electricity production, heat is a wasted by-product. Our CHP plant is typically 30 per cent more efficient than traditional gas boilers. This has saved the University approximately £3,600 a week. Our new Marine Station has its own onsite CHP.

Campus Information Control System and profile alerts

In order to increase the accuracy of energy monitoring across campus and identify areas where we can reduce energy, the CICS project began in 2013. The HEFCE funded project brought together the world of building management systems (BMS) and information control technology (ICT) to accurately match the supply to the demand for electricity to deliver smarter buildings. The project involved delivering a system of profile alerts. We took the high utility consuming buildings on campus and profiled them for their building energy consumption to provide a baseline of expected energy use based on the building type and occupation. The platform of profile alerts monitors changes in energy and water use outside of the expected norm and then alerts users. The system checks consumption against the historic profiles, and energy use against BMS models, and creates an alert when an item of plant is not functioning as expected (and using more energy than it should). This enables cost avoidance, identifying and fixing issues promptly avoiding increases in energy use. In little more than 24 months since installation, this has helped to identify and prevent potential increases in consumption of around £300,000. With other energy saving projects, consumption has reduced over this period by £90,000.

What else?

We've installed Inverter Controls on all electric motors on campus, giving a soft start and stop and variable speed control. Inverters allow us to operate motors at optimum performance. This saves energy, improves the power factor (reducing the reactive power required reduces energy use) and improves performance.

Louvers and fins provide solar shading in the Link, Rolle and Babbage buildings. These reduce heat gain from the sun inside the building, in turn reducing demand for cooling.
  
We have natural ventilation and night cooling in the Portland Square, Marine and The House buildings, where the buildings are designed to ventilate naturally using convection currents. The large atrium in the Portland Square building allows hot air to rise and draws fresh air into the building without mechanical intervention. And, night time cooling uses the natural ventilation to cool the concrete's thermal mass at night, which then cools the building in the daytime.

We've installed voltage optimisation in the larger buildings around campus, including Portland Square, Roland Levinsky and Nancy Astor. It uses a special transformer to control the reduction in voltage to reduce energy use and power demand. This has the potential to reduce electricity consumption by 8 per cent, which is the equivalent of 573 TCO2e and nearly £100,000.

In 2014–15 we replaced 1,000 T8 fluorescent luminaires with 11 LED panels in the library. We use LEDs across campus as they typically use five time less energy than traditional lighting. Also, across campus in most spaces our lighting is controlled by daylight and proximity sensors to ensure they only come on when needed.

Although technology delivers big energy savings, it's estimated that with your help, behaviour change can deliver a 20 per cent saving in emissions. Please see the Get Involved page to help us with our big goal.

Not sure what all this CO2 looks like? Watch our carbon visualisation video which explains our carbon footprint.